This article explains how to run diagnostics on Windows 10 and Windows 11.
Does Windows Have a Diagnostic Tool?
There are a few ways to create system diagnostics reports on Windows 10 and 11. In addition to built-in Windows options, many hardware manufacturers have troubleshooting tools, and there are also third-party apps for diagnosing computer hardware issues.
How Do I Run a Diagnostic Test on My Computer?
If you can't pinpoint what is wrong with your PC, start with the Windows Troubleshooter:
The screenshots below are from Windows 10, but instructions apply to Windows 11 as well.
On Windows 11, go to Settings > System > Troubleshoot.
On Windows 10, go to Settings > Update & Security > Troubleshoot.
Windows 11 users have an extra step: Select Other troubleshooters.
Choose a troubleshooter for your problem. Options include Bluetooth, Keyboard, Windows Update, and Network and Internet.
Windows 10 troubleshooting options.
If the troubleshooter finds a problem, it will suggest how you can fix it. You may be able to resolve the issue by automatically repairing Windows.
How to Use the Windows Memory Diagnostic Tool
If your computer programs keep lagging or freezing, there could be a problem with your RAM. Your best bet is to run Windows Memory Diagnostic:
Open the search tool on the taskbar, enter Windows Memory Diagnostic, and then select the app to open it.
Select Restart now and check for problems or Check for problems the next time I start my computer. When your PC restarts, the Windows Memory tool will scan your computer.
After a few minutes, your PC will boot as normal. Review the results in Event Viewer. If the troubleshooter finds any problems, take action to free up memory.
There are also third-party memory test programs that may have more features than the default Windows tool.
Windows Reliability and Performance Monitor
Performance Monitor and Reliability Monitor are part of Windows/Administrative tools. Search for Performance Monitor or View reliability history and open the app to see statistics about how your computer is running. The Reliability Monitor keeps a log of events that may help you identify which programs are acting up.
Other Computer Diagnostic Tools
Other ways to get help in Windows include reaching out to Windows Support with the Get Help app. There are also third-party apps for troubleshooting specific hardware like your monitor. Do your research carefully and scan anything you download for malware.
Your processor and other hardware might have software for diagnosing problems. For example, the Intel Processor Diagnostic Tool can analyze and optimize Intel CPUs. Dell computers also come with their own set of diagnostic tools. Check your specific PC for other built-in troubleshooting software.
FAQ
How do I run Windows diagnostics on startup?
In Windows Search, type msconfig and right-click System Configuration, then select Run as Administrator. In the General tab, select Diagnostic startup. To disable the setting, go back to System Configuration and select Normal startup.
How do I open system BIOS on Windows 10?
To access Windows 10 BIOS, go to Settings > Update & Security > Recovery. Go down to Advanced Startup and select Restart now. Then, select Troubleshoot > Advanced options > UEFI Firmware Settings > Restart to open the UEFI BIOS.
How do I run hard drive diagnostics on Windows 10?
You can scan your hard drive with Windows Error Checking. Go to This PC, right-click the drive and select Properties > Tools > Check > Scan drive. There are also plenty of third-party hard drive testing programs.
Note: Microsoft is increasing transparency by categorizing the data we collect as required or optional . Windows 10 is in the process of updating devices to reflect this new categorization, and during this transition Basic diagnostic data will be recategorized as Required diagnostic data and Full diagnostic data will be recategorized as Optional diagnostic data.
As you use Windows, we collect diagnostic information, and to make sure we're listening to you, our customer, we've also built ways for you to send us feedback anytime, and at specific times, like when Windows asks you a question about how something is working for you.
Together, diagnostics and feedback are how you and your Windows device tell Microsoft what's really going on.
Microsoft uses diagnostic data to keep our products secure and up to date, troubleshoot problems, and make product improvements as described in more detail below. Regardless of whether you choose to send Optional diagnostic data, your device will be just as secure and will operate normally. This data is transmitted to Microsoft and stored with one or more unique identifiers that can help us recognize an individual user on an individual device and understand the device's service issues and use patterns.
Required diagnostic data is information about your device, its settings and capabilities, and whether it is performing properly. This is the minimum level of diagnostic data needed to help keep your device reliable, secure, and operating normally.
Optional diagnostic data includes additional details about your device and its settings, capabilities, and device health. Optional diagnostic data may also include information about the websites you browse, device activity (sometimes referred to as usage), and enhanced error reporting. Optional diagnostic data can also include the memory state of your device when a system or app crash occurs (which may unintentionally include parts of a file you were using when a problem occurred). Required diagnostic data will always be included when you choose to send Optional diagnostic data. While your device will be just as secure and operate normally when only sending Required diagnostic data, the additional information we collect when you've chosen to send Optional diagnostic data makes it easier for us to identify and fix issues and make product improvements that benefit all Windows customers.
Some of the data described above may not be collected from your device even if you choose to send Optional diagnostic data. Microsoft minimizes the volume of Optional diagnostic data we collect from all devices by collecting some of the data from only a small percentage of devices (sample). By running Diagnostic Data Viewer, you can see an icon which indicates whether your device is part of a sample and also which specific data is collected from your device. Instructions for how to download the Diagnostic Data Viewer tool can be found in Windows 10 at Start > Settings > Privacy > Diagnostics & feedback and in Windows 11 at Start > Settings > Privacy & security > Diagnostics & feedback.
Specific data items collected in Windows diagnostics are subject to change to give Microsoft flexibility to collect the data needed for the purposes described. For example, to ensure Microsoft can troubleshoot the latest performance issue impacting users’ computing experience or update a Windows device that is new to the market, Microsoft may need to collect data items that were not collected previously. For a current list of data types collected for Required diagnostic data and Optional diagnostic data, see Windows Required diagnostic events and fields and Windows Optional diagnostic data.
We use Required diagnostic data to keep Windows devices up to date. Microsoft uses:
Basic error information to help determine whether problems your device is experiencing can be addressed by the update process.
Information about your device, its settings and capabilities, including applications and drivers installed on your device, to ascertain whether your device is ready for and compatible with the next operating system or app release and ready for update.
Logging information from the update process itself to understand how well your device’s updates are proceeding through the stages of downloading, pre-installation, post-installation, post-reboot, and setup.
Data about the performance of updates on all Windows devices to assess the success of an update’s deployment and to learn device characteristics (e.g., hardware, peripherals, settings, and applications) that are associated with the success or failure of an update.
Data about which devices have had upgrade failures and why to determine whether to offer the same upgrade again.
We use both Required diagnostic data and Optional diagnostic data to troubleshoot issues to help keep Windows and related products and services reliable and secure.
Microsoft uses Required diagnostic data to:
Comprehend the immense number of hardware, system, and software combinations customers use.
Analyze issues based on specific hardware, system, and software combinations and identify where problems or issues occur with a specific or limited set of devices.
Determine whether an app or process experiences a performance issue (e.g., the app crashes or hangs) and when a crash-dump file is created on the device (crash dumps themselves are not collected without additional permissions, such as choosing to send Optional diagnostic data).
Understand the effectiveness and fix problems with the diagnostic transmission system itself.
Microsoft uses the additional data collected when you choose to send Optional diagnostic data to help spot and fix problems more quickly.
We use:
Information about app activity to understand what the user was doing in an app that caused a problem in conjunction with what we learn about the impact of other apps or processes running on a device.
Information about device health, such as battery level or how quickly applications respond to input, to better understand the data we collect about application performance issues and make corrections.
Information contained in enhanced error reporting and crash dumps to better understand the data related to the specific conditions under which an error or crash occurred.
We use Required diagnostic data to improve Windows. We use Optional diagnostic data to improve Windows and related products and services.
Microsoft uses Required diagnostic data for product improvement in the context of keeping your Windows device up to date and secure; problem-solving; accessibility; reliability; performance; enhancing existing Windows features; compatibility of apps, drivers, and other utilities; privacy; and energy efficiency.
Microsoft uses Required diagnostic data for this purpose as follows:
Information about customers’ devices, peripherals, and settings (and their configurations) is used to prioritize product improvements by determining which improvements will have the greatest positive impact to the most Windows customers.
Information about which apps are installed on devices is used to prioritize app-compatibility testing and feature improvements for the most popular apps.
Additional data collected when you choose to send Optional diagnostic data is used to help make even more meaningful improvements to Windows and related products and services:
App activity information helps us prioritize app-compatibility testing and make feature improvements to apps and features that are used the most.
Information about the impact of device characteristics, configuration, and app activity on device health (for example on battery life) is used to analyze and make changes that improve the performance of Windows devices.
Aggregate information about browsing history in Microsoft browsers is used to tune Bing’s search algorithms to provide more effective search results.
If your device is being managed by an organization’s IT department, there may be additional changes to how your diagnostic data is managed on the group policies set on the device. See Configure Windows diagnostic data in your organization for more details. If an enterprise engages Microsoft to manage their devices, we will use diagnostic and error data for managing, monitoring, and troubleshooting the enterprise's devices.
If you choose to turn on Tailored experiences, we will use your Windows diagnostic data to offer you personalized tips, ads, and recommendations to enhance Microsoft experiences. If you have selected Required as your Diagnostic data setting, personalization is based on information about your device, its settings and capabilities, and whether it is performing properly. If you have selected Optional, personalization is also based on information about how you use apps and features, plus additional information about the health of your device. We do not use the content of crash dumps, websites you browse, speech, typing, or inking input data for personalization when we receive such data from customers who have selected Optional.
Tailored experiences include suggestions on how to customize and optimize Windows, as well as ads and recommendations for Microsoft and third-party products and services, features, apps, and hardware for your Windows experiences. For example, to help you get the most out of your device, we may tell you about features you may not know about or that are new. If you are having a problem with your Windows device, you may be offered a solution. You may be offered a chance to customize your lock screen with pictures, or to be shown more pictures of the kind you like, or fewer of the ones you don’t. Or, if you are running out of space on your hard drive, Windows may recommend you try OneDrive or purchase hardware to gain more space.
If you choose to turn on the Improve inking & typing setting, Microsoft will collect samples of the content you type or write to improve features such as handwriting recognition, autocompletion, next word prediction and spelling correction, and we use this data in the aggregate to improve the inking and typing feature for everyone who uses Windows. When Microsoft collects inking and typing diagnostic data, it is divided into small samples and processed to remove unique identifiers, sequencing information, and other data (such as email addresses and numeric values) which could be used to reconstruct the original content or associate the input to you. It also includes associated performance data, such as changes you manually make to text, as well as words you've added to the dictionary. This data is not used for Tailored experiences.
Note: In previous versions of Windows, the Improve inking & typing setting is not available, and this data is collected when Diagnostic data is set to Full instead.
As of March 6, 2024, Microsoft Edge diagnostic data is collected separately from Windows diagnostic data on Windows 10 (version 22H2 and newer) and Windows 11 (version 23H2 and newer) devices in the European Economic Area. The collection of Microsoft Edge diagnostic data is subject to its own settings. For more information related to this change, see Microsoft Edge, browsing data, and privacy.
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