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Overall, medical devices cover a vast range of products used to monitor, prevent, and treat various ailments. Medical devices cover medical instrumentation (electronics), mechanical devices, and combination devices. Combination devices have two or more chemical, electrical, mechanical, pharmaceutical, or biological components. Medical devices cover multiple uses, including implantable devices, devices used during surgical procedures, and non-implantable devices used at home by patients. Medical device creation and usage have risen along with the rise in digital technology. However, standards for many medical devices are less strict than for medications. Consequently, novel medical devices are adopted within healthcare systems without adequate assessment of their cost-effectiveness or patient usage benefits. Indeed, the introduction of a novel medical device comes with a host of risks for healthcare facilities. These risks include insufficient proof of efficacy, learning curve effects, dynamic pricing, and transferability. When designing a medical device, information on the best training practices for the device and how that device compares to gold standards for treatment, preventative care, or patient monitoring is influential in adopting the use of your medical device. Further, during medical device development, ensure you choose a contract testing organization that can support you with appropriate biocompatibility and package integrity testing for your unique medical device needs.
Instrument
Uses
Bandage
material used to support a medical dressing or injured body part
Bedpan
for patients who are unconscious or too weak to sit up or walk to the toilet to defecate
Cannula
to create a permanent pathway to a vein (or artery) for the purpose of repeated injections or infusion of intravenous fluids
Catheter
to drain and collect urine directly from the bladder (primary use) also to act as a makeshift oxygen tube etc.
Crocodile forceps
to remove foreign bodies from ear or nasal cavities.
Electrocardiograph machine
to record the electrical activity of the heart over a period of time
Enema equipment
to inject fluid into the lower bowel for several purposes, most frequently for relieving constipation
Endoscope
to look inside the gastrointestinal tract, used mainly in surgery or by surgical consultants
External cardioverter / Defibrillator
to correct arrhythmias of the heart
Gauze sponge
to absorb blood and other fluids as well as clean wounds
Haemodialysis machine
to remove toxic materials from the blood that are generally removed by the kidneys; used in case of kidney failure
Hypodermic needle / Syringe
for injections and aspiration of blood or fluid from the body
Instrument sterilizer
to sterilize instruments in absence of an autoclave
Kidney dish
as a tray for instruments, gauze, tissue, etc.
Measuring tape
for length, height, head circumference and girth measurements
Medical ultrasound
to create an image of internal body structures
Nasogastric tube
for nasogastric suction or the introduction of food or drugs into the body
Nebulizer
to produce aerosols of drugs to be administered by respiratory route
Ophthalmoscope
to look at the retina
Otoscope
to look into the external ear cavity
Oxygen mask and tubes
to deliver gases to the mouth/nostrils to assist in oxygen intake or to administer aerosolized or gaseous drugs
Pipette or dropper
to measure out doses of liquid, specially in children
Proctoscope
to look inside the anal canal and lower part of the rectum
Radiography
to view internal body structures
Reflex hammer
to test motor reflexes of the body
Sphygmomanometer
to measure the patient's blood pressure
Suction device
to suck up blood or secretions
Surgical scissors
used for dissecting or cutting
Thermometer
to record body temperature
Tongue depressor
for use in oral examination
Transfusion kit
to transfuse blood and blood products
Tuning fork
to test for deafness and to categorize it
Ventilator
to assist or carry out the mechanical act of inspiration and expiration so the non-respiring patient can do so; a common component of "life support"
Wartenberg wheel
for neurological use
Watch / Stopwatch
for recording rates like heart rate, respiratory rate, etc.; for certain hearing tests.
What is Medical Instruments and Why Do We Use Them?
Instruments used in general medicine
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