New Modern Lead-Zinc Ore Flotation Process and Recovery Technology

Lead-zinc ore is rich in elemental lead and elemental zinc, mainly in the form of lead-zinc sulfide ore and lead-zinc oxide ore. Lead-zinc sulfide ore, also known as lead-zinc raw ore, accounts for a large proportion and has high industrial value.

Lead-zinc ore is rich in elemental lead and elemental zinc, mainly in the form of lead-zinc sulfide ore and lead-zinc oxide ore. Lead-zinc sulfide ore, also known as lead-zinc raw ore, accounts for a large proportion and has high industrial value. Lead-zinc sulfide ores are mainly flotation. Among them, the proportion of zinc ore in most lead-zinc ores is higher than the content of lead ore. Therefore, in the actual process, the main principle of "suppressing zinc and floating lead" is generally used to treat sulfide. Lead-zinc mine.

1. Preferential flotation of lead and zinc sulfide
The preferential flotation process of lead-zinc ore usually adopts the method of first suppressing zinc and floating lead, and then activating zinc to obtain lead and zinc concentrate. In order to effectively improve the lead concentrate recovery rate and zinc concentrate index, the ore can be finely ground to -74μm accounting for more than 80% in the grinding process, and then use a strong collector and high alkalinity lead flotation process, adding excess lime and Xanthate inhibits the newly dissociated pyrite when the pH value of the slurry is >12, and the surface of the newly dissociated galena is protected by xanthate, and then priority flotation is used to recover lead; copper sulfate is used The flotation tailings are activated, the zinc sulfide coarse concentrate is recovered with butyl xanthate, and the coarse concentrate is selected under high alkali conditions to obtain zinc concentrate; the floating zinc tailings are activated with sulfuric acid after being thickened, and the sulfur concentrate is obtained Then use xanthate to recover it. This flotation process can effectively obtain high-grade lead concentrate and high-recovery zinc concentrate, and uses less chemicals. The production process is simple and easy to control, but the recovery rate of lead concentrate is low. It is mainly suitable for sorting lead-zinc ores with simple mineral composition, high-grade lead and zinc minerals in raw ores, and large differences in flotability of lead-zinc minerals.

2. Lead and zinc mixed flotation
Mixed flotation of lead-zinc ore generally uses mixed flotation to separate lead and zinc, and then separate lead and zinc. Grind the raw ore to a fineness of -74 μm, accounting for 0% to 75%, and then grind the medium ore again. Without adjusting the pH value of the slurry, use xanthate or black powder as a collector to remove the lead sulfide ore and part of the zinc sulfide. The ore is flotated at the same time to obtain a lead-zinc mixed concentrate. For the tailings in the flotation process, copper sulfate is first used to activate it, then xanthate is used as a collector for mixed flotation to obtain a mixed concentrate of zinc and sulfur, and then lime and cyanide are used for flotation separation to obtain Zinc concentrate and sulfur concentrate. This process can discard a large amount of gangue minerals after coarse grinding, reducing subsequent operations and effectively saving the amount of chemicals used in separation operations. However, the cyanide used in the process causes great pollution to the environment. It is mainly suitable for processing lead-zinc ores with small differences in flotability between lead and zinc, low grade, and where useful minerals are in the form of aggregates or extremely dense symbiosis.

3. Lead and zinc sulfide fractional velocity branch flotation
The split-speed branch flotation of lead-zinc ore refers to rapid flotation of the lead-zinc ore that is about to float, while leaving the slow-speed and difficult-to-float lead-zinc ore in the subsequent flotation process for separation.

This kind of process can obtain better flotation indicators, and at the same time, it can also reduce the configuration volume of the flotation machine, reduce the amount of metal circulation and loss, etc., and effectively save energy consumption. It is mostly used for lead and zinc sulfide minerals whose flotation behavior changes due to different embedded components.

4. Lead-zinc sulfide separation potential controlled flotation
Separation potential controlled flotation of lead-zinc ore is to control the process and even direction of the oxidation-reduction reaction on the surface of the sulfide ore in the slurry system by changing the electrochemical conditions of the flotation system during the flotation process, affecting the surface of the lead-zinc sulfide ore. The state, as well as the form and stability of the collector on the surface of the sulfide ore, are used to increase the hydrophilic-hydrophobic properties of the surface of the lead-zinc sulfide ore to achieve a selective flotation separation process of lead-zinc sulfide ore. The entire dose of lime and the combined inhibitor zinc sulfate + sodium sulfite can be added to the ball mill to complete the selective flotation separation of galena, sphalerite and pyrite in a highly alkaline slurry environment and low oxidation potential. This process has a simple formula, less chemical dosage, less environmental pollution, and high selectivity. It is mostly suitable for processing low-grade lead-zinc sulfide or sulfide ore sorting.

In summary, in actual operations, if you want to choose a correct and scientific lead-zinc ore beneficiation process, it is recommended to conduct advanced sample selection and beneficiation experiments, and then obtain a suitable beneficiation plan through the selection experiment, which can be achieved in industrial production. Good production status.

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